Importance of Providing Meaningful Student Feedback

Feedback is any response regarding a student’s performance or behavior. It can be verbal, written or gestural. The purpose of feedback in the assessment and learning process is vĩ đại improve a student’s performance - not put a damper on it. It is essential that the process of providing feedback is a positive, or at least a neutral, learning experience for the student. Negative feedback can discourage student effort and achievement. Instructors have the distinct responsibility vĩ đại nurture a student’s learning and to provide feedback in such a manner that the student does not leave the classroom feeling defeated.

Characteristics of Effective Feedback

Educative in Nature
Providing feedback means giving students an explanation of what they are doing correctly AND incorrectly, with the focus of the feedback on what the students is doing right. It is most productive vĩ đại a student’s learning when they are provided with an explanation as vĩ đại what is accurate and inaccurate about their work. One technique is vĩ đại use the concept of a “feedback sandwich” vĩ đại guide your feedback: Compliment, Correct, Compliment.

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Given In a Timely Manner
When student feedback is given immediately after showing proof of learning, the student responds and remembers the experience about what is being learned more positively. If we wait too long vĩ đại give feedback, the student might not connect the feedback with the learning moment.

Sensitive vĩ đại the Individual Needs of the Student
It is vital that we take into consideration each individual when giving student feedback. Our classrooms are full of diverse learners. Some students need vĩ đại be nudged vĩ đại achieve at a higher level and other needs vĩ đại be handled gently sánh as not vĩ đại discourage learning and damage self-esteem.

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Answers the 4 Questions
Studies of effective teaching and learning (Dinham, 2002, 2007a; 2007b) have shown that learners want vĩ đại know where they stand in regards vĩ đại their work. Providing answers vĩ đại the following four questions on a regular basis will help provide quality student feedback.

What can the student do?
What can’t the student do?
How does the student’s work compare with that of others?
How can the student bởi better?

Provides a Model or Example
Communicate with your students the purpose for an assessment and/or student feedback. Demonstrate vĩ đại students what you are looking for by giving them an example of what an A+ paper looks lượt thích. Provide a contrast of what a C- paper looks lượt thích. This is especially important at the upper learning levels.

Suggestions for Effective and Efficient Grading Feedback

The most effective feedback is focused, clear, and considers motivation and learning, not justifying a grade or on copyediting. Below are suggested strategies for providing efficient & effective student feedback.

Use comments vĩ đại teach rather kêu ca vĩ đại justify the grade, focusing on what you’d most lượt thích students vĩ đại address in future work. Link your comments and feedback vĩ đại the goals for an assignment.
Plan early opportunities for students vĩ đại get feedback on ways of thinking, writing, or problem solving that they will need later, sánh that they don’t develop or repeat common errors. In-class active or collaborative learning exercises can be good moments vĩ đại provide formative feedback in class, when students are practicing new skills or learning new concepts.
Avoid over-commenting or “picking apart” students’ work.
In your final comments, ask questions that will guide further inquiry by students.
Think about alternatives vĩ đại writing comments on every individual student’s work. Provide feedback vĩ đại the whole class orally and/or in a shared written document, or have the class read sample student work together vĩ đại look for common themes or apply evaluation criteria.